Process description for the SS1 example simulation
- Last UpdatedSep 19, 2024
- 4 minute read
The process includes two wind farms (WF1 and WF2) and three solar farms (SF1, SF2, and SF3).
We include Breakers on each output electrical stream for safety and the ability to isolate any part of the renewable energy grid.
We use an Inverter for each solar farm to convert the direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). We then combine the power output from each solar farm by using a Busbar (B2).
We add a Transformer and Cable to the output electrical streams for each wind farm and for the B2 Busbar. These Transformers allow us to step up the voltage in the lines to 33 kV. The Cables allow us to account for transmission losses through the electrical streams.
We then use the B3 Busbar to combine the power outputs from the wind and solar farms, which we then send across a long-distance transmission line to the B4 Busbar for distribution between the Production consumer and the LocalGrid consumer. We model the long-distance connection with a Transformer to step up the voltage to 220 kV, a Cable to account for the transmission losses, and another Transformer to step down the voltage back to 33 kV.
The Production consumer requires 0.8 MW of power. We add a Transformer just before the Production consumer to step down the voltage to 480 V, a more manageable voltage for the process equipment.
The following tables summarize the equipment sizes and process conditions. The tables show only the values that differ from default values in the equipment configuration.
Table 1: Equipment sizes
|
Variable |
Description |
Value |
UOM |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Wind Farms |
|||
|
WF1.Nturbines |
The number of wind turbines in the first wind farm. |
2 |
- |
|
WF1.Prat |
The rated power of each wind turbine in the first wind farm. |
2.5 |
MW |
|
WF1.Vel_rat |
The wind velocity at the rated power for the wind turbines in the first wind farm. |
13 |
m/s |
|
WF1.Lblade |
The blade length for each wind turbine in the first wind farm. |
50 |
m |
|
WF2.Nturbines |
The number of wind turbines in the second wind farm. |
3 |
- |
|
WF2.Prat |
The rated power of each wind turbine in the second wind farm. |
1.5 |
MW |
|
WF2.Lblade |
The blade length for each wind turbine in the second wind farm. |
38.5 |
m |
|
Solar farms |
|||
|
SF1.NPanels |
The number of solar panels in the first solar farm. |
8000 |
- |
|
SF1.A |
The surface area of each solar panel in the first solar farm. |
2.83 |
m2 |
|
SF1.eta |
The panel module efficiency from the manufacturer for the solar panels in the first solar farm. |
0.212 |
fraction |
|
SF1.V |
The output voltage for the first solar farm. |
32 |
V |
|
SF1.Lshade |
The losses due to shading of the solar panels. |
0.01 |
fraction |
|
SF2.NPanels |
The number of solar panels in the second solar farm. |
5500 |
- |
|
SF2.A |
The surface area of each solar panel in the second solar farm. |
2.83 |
m2 |
|
SF2.eta |
The panel module efficiency from the manufacturer for the solar panels in the second solar farm. |
0.212 |
fraction |
|
SF2.V |
The output voltage for the second solar farm. |
32 |
V |
|
SF2.Lsoil |
The losses due to dirt and dust on the solar panels. |
0.01 |
fraction |
|
SF2.Lshade |
The losses due to shading of the solar panels. |
0.04 |
fraction |
|
SF3.NPanels |
The number of solar panels in the third solar farm. |
2400 |
- |
|
SF3.A |
The surface area of each solar panel in the third solar farm. |
2.83 |
m2 |
|
SF3.eta |
The panel module efficiency from the manufacturer for the solar panels in the third solar farm. |
0.19 |
fraction |
|
SF3.V |
The output voltage for the third solar farm. |
32 |
V |
|
Busbars |
|||
|
B2.Ltotal |
The total loss fraction of the B2 Busbar. |
0.005 |
fraction |
|
B3.Ltotal |
The total loss fraction of the B3 Busbar. |
0.01 |
fraction |
|
B4.Ltotal |
The total loss fraction of the B4 Busbar. |
0.01 |
fraction |
|
Transformers |
|||
|
T1.Vout |
The output voltage of the T1 Transformer. |
33 |
kV |
|
T2.Vout |
The output voltage of the T2 Transformer. |
33 |
kV |
|
T3.Vout |
The output voltage of the T3 Transformer. |
33 |
kV |
|
T4.Vout |
The output voltage of the T4 Transformer. |
220 |
kV |
|
T5.Vout |
The output voltage of the T5 Transformer. |
33 |
kV |
|
T6.Vout |
The output voltage of the T6 Transformer. |
480 |
V |
|
Cables |
|||
|
C1.Ltotal |
The transmission losses of the C1 Cable. |
0.01 |
fraction |
|
C2.Ltotal |
The transmission losses of the C2 Cable. |
0.01 |
fraction |
|
C3.Ltotal |
The transmission losses of the C3 Cable. |
0.01 |
fraction |
|
LongRngTrans.Ltotal |
The transmission losses of the LongRngTrans Cable. |
0.02 |
fraction |
|
C4.Ltotal |
The transmission losses of the C4 Cable. |
0.01 |
fraction |
Table 2: Process conditions
|
Variable |
Description |
Value |
UOM |
|
WF1.Vel* |
The wind velocity for the first wind farm. |
12 |
m/s |
|
WF2.Vel* |
The wind velocity for the second wind farm. |
6 |
m/s |
|
SF1.H* |
The solar irradiance per unit area for the first solar farm. |
900 |
W/m2 |
|
SF1.Tc |
The temperature of the photovoltaic cells in the first solar farm. |
301 |
K |
|
SF2.H* |
The solar irradiance per unit area for the second solar farm. |
900 |
W/m2 |
|
SF2.Tc |
The temperature of the photovoltaic cells in the first solar farm. |
300 |
K |
|
SF3.H* |
The solar irradiance per unit area for the third solar farm. |
900 |
W/m2 |
|
SF3.Tc |
The temperature of the photovoltaic cells in the first solar farm. |
302 |
K |
* In Dynamics mode, these values come from the Curves in the simulation-specific Model Library.