Plane Panel Concepts

A panel is restricted by a number of boundaries that may be curves, planes, other panels, profile sections, Within the panel each boundary is responsible for a certain portion of the outer contour of the panel. These parts are called the limits of the panel. The connection points between limits are called the corners of the panel (not all knuckle points are corners and there need not be a knuckle at a corner!).

The ordinary plates of a plane panel are located in the mould plane of the panel. A panel is associated with a local co-ordinate system (uvw) and the uv-plane is located in the mould plane of the panel.

Brackets are normally smaller structures consisting of at most one plate, optionally with stiffening of different types and with notches (see below) at the corners. They are used to connect and to support other elements. Brackets may be type standard brackets or panel brackets. AVEVA Marine has an advanced facility for customer set-up of a bracket standard.

Clips is the AVEVA Marine denomination for the small plate pieces in profile cutouts used to reinforce the connection between the plate and the penetrating profile and/or to tighten the cutout. It is the common concept for what otherwise may be called lugs and collars.

Holes are closed openings in the interior of panels and profile webs.

Cutout is the AVEVA Marine denomination for openings for penetrating profiles along plate edges (or in webs of profiles). Alternative names sometimes used (however, not in AVEVA Marine!) are "slot" and "scallop". Cutouts may be associated with clips (see above).

Notch is the AVEVA Marine name of smaller, normally standardized openings in plate corners or along edges of plates and profiles, for example, to give access for welding. They may sometimes be called "ratholes". AVEVA Marine has a large number of in-built notch types.

Profile is the common AVEVA Marine name of pieces that are used as stiffeners or pillars. Profiles are always modelled as though they should be manufactured from bar material but they may in the end be fabricated from plates. Profiles may be stiffeners, flanges or pillars.

• Stiffeners are normally welded with one edge against the plate or bracket of the panel. Stiffeners may be straight, curved or straight-and-knuckled.

• Flanges are welded against an edge of a panel or bracket or in a hole, normally symmetrically. They are often outside AVEVA Marine called face plates or face flats. Welded flanges may be straight or curved.

  Folded (or bent) flanges are not any real profiles but created by bending the plate along an edge. Folded flanges can be set both in panels and brackets.

• Pillars are free profiles, normally welded at the ends only and supporting decks and platforms in open areas.

When generating profiles a number of attributes are essential:

• The profile type specifies the shape of the profile and the parameters, relevant for control of its size.

• The endcut type specifies how the profile should be prepared in its ends.

• The connection code specifies details about how a profile end should be positioned relative to the element it is attached to.

Swedging is the AVEVA Marine term for the type of small corrugation often replacing welded stiffeners in superstructures,

Excess is the AVEVA Marine term for material added to compensate for inaccuracies in manufacturing and assembly. Other common names for this are overmaterial, stock material or green material.

Compensation is excess of triangular shape (that may be combined with the normal constant-size excess).

(Material) quality is the AVEVA Marine name for what otherwise is often called the grade, that means, the specification of certain properties of the used material, for example, normal steel, high tensile steel, In AVEVA Marine the material quality is always associated with a density selected by the customer.

For further details about Hull standards, see Survey of Design Standards in AVEVA Hull.